The rapid growth in the usage and development of renewable energy sources in the present day electrical grid mandates the exploitation of energy storage technologies to eradicate the dissimilarities of intermittent power. The energy storage technologies provide support by stabilizing the power production and energy demand. This is achieved by storing excessive or unused energy and supplying to the grid or customers whenever it is required. Further, in f. The rapid growth in the usage and development of renewable energy sources in the present day electrical grid mandates the exploitation of energy storage technologies to eradicate the dissimilarities of intermittent power. The energy storage technologies provide support by stabilizing the power production and energy demand. This is achieved by storing excessive or unused energy and supplying to the grid or customers whenever it is required. Further, in future electric grid, energy storage systems can be treated as the main electricity sources. Researchers and industrial experts have worked on various energy storage technologies by integrating different renewable energy resources into energy storage systems. Due to the wide range of developments in energy storage technologies, in this article, authors have considered various types of energy storage technologies, namely battery, thermochemical, thermal, pumped energy storage, compressed air, hydrogen, chemical, magnetic energy storage, and a few others. These energy storage technologies were critically reviewed; categorized and comparative studies have been performed to understand each energy storage system's features, limitations, and advantages. Further, different energy storage system frameworks have been suggested based on its application. Therefore, this paper acts as a guide to the new researchers who work in energy storage technologies. The future scope suggests that researchers shall develop innovative energy storage systems to face challeng. ••Review of energy storage type.••Energy storage technology to support power grid operation.••Energy storage services for renewable energy support.••Energy storage framework for renewable energy integration.••Challenges and future prospect of energy storage technology.Energy managementEnergy storage systemMicrogridRenewable energyRenewable Energy Sources (RES) are increasing rapidly in the electrical grid due to the reduced dependency on conventional energy resources and the high demand of power to meet the requirements. The microgrid can be used to integrate renewable energy resources and the Energy Storage Systems (ESS) efficiently. Industries such as manufacturing, transportation and communication have significantly increased the demand of electrical energy. To meet this high energy demand, RES play a crucial role. The usage of RESs is critical as they are abundant in nature, eco-friendly, scalable and can be applied in industrial, commercial, agricultural and residential areas. However, RES are non-dispatchable and exhibits poor load following. The successful implementation of ESS can overcome these limitations. There are several options to store the energy generated from RES: batteries, flow batteries and supercapacitors. Supercapacitors have capabilities more than conventional capacitors and secondary ion batteries [3,4].Thereby, ESS plays a significant role in power generation by supporting different energy sources to meet the requirement of loads. ESS can resolve power intermittency issues as most RES produce power based on atmospheric conditions. Hence, to produce continuous power supply to the customer, ESS such as batteries, ultracapacitors, flywheel and thermochemical storage syste. 2.1. Electrochemical and electrical energy storage systemCapacitors and batteries can store electrical energy in the electrochemical form. Capacitors are widely classified into three types, which are electrochemical, electrolytic, and electrostatic capacitors. Among the capacitor mentioned above types, electrochemical capacitors may have a savvy structure of the electrode; thus, it has a high capacity per unit volume. These capacitors are also called ultracapacitors (UC) or supercapacitors (SC). Batteries have matured technology and high energy densities. Many types of batteries are available in the market for various applications. To name a few, there are flow batteries, nickel-cadmium, lithium-particle, sodium-sulfur, zebra, lead-carbon, and stream batteries. A few new electrolytes and terminal materials have been inspected and proposed to enhance the battery's cost, power, energy density, safety, and life. In, the authors presented an overview and comparative studies on different electrochemical energy storage advancements, including leading corrosive batteries and nickel hybrid-related batteries. The authors' discussion on recent advancements in battery technologies was highlighted in to improve the battery technologies' performance. In, the authors highlighted new initiatives by cutting down the dimensions of active materials, functionalization, doping, development of coatings over active materials, and.
